PixArt-α

PixArt-α: Fast Training of Diffusion Transformer for Photorealistic Text-to-Image Synthesis is Junsong Chen, Jincheng Yu, Chongjian Ge, Lewei Yao, Enze Xie, Yue Wu, Zhongdao Wang, James Kwok, Ping Luo, Huchuan Lu, and Zhenguo Li.

The abstract from the paper is:

The most advanced text-to-image (T2I) models require significant training costs (e.g., millions of GPU hours), seriously hindering the fundamental innovation for the AIGC community while increasing CO2 emissions. This paper introduces PIXART-α, a Transformer-based T2I diffusion model whose image generation quality is competitive with state-of-the-art image generators (e.g., Imagen, SDXL, and even Midjourney), reaching near-commercial application standards. Additionally, it supports high-resolution image synthesis up to 1024px resolution with low training cost, as shown in Figure 1 and 2. To achieve this goal, three core designs are proposed: (1) Training strategy decomposition: We devise three distinct training steps that separately optimize pixel dependency, text-image alignment, and image aesthetic quality; (2) Efficient T2I Transformer: We incorporate cross-attention modules into Diffusion Transformer (DiT) to inject text conditions and streamline the computation-intensive class-condition branch; (3) High-informative data: We emphasize the significance of concept density in text-image pairs and leverage a large Vision-Language model to auto-label dense pseudo-captions to assist text-image alignment learning. As a result, PIXART-α's training speed markedly surpasses existing large-scale T2I models, e.g., PIXART-α only takes 10.8% of Stable Diffusion v1.5's training time (675 vs. 6,250 A100 GPU days), saving nearly \(300,000 (\)26,000 vs. $320,000) and reducing 90% CO2 emissions. Moreover, compared with a larger SOTA model, RAPHAEL, our training cost is merely 1%. Extensive experiments demonstrate that PIXART-α excels in image quality, artistry, and semantic control. We hope PIXART-α will provide new insights to the AIGC community and startups to accelerate building their own high-quality yet low-cost generative models from scratch.

You can find the original codebase at PixArt-alpha/PixArt-alpha and all the available checkpoints at PixArt-alpha.

Some notes about this pipeline:

• It uses a Transformer backbone (instead of a UNet) for denoising. As such it has a similar architecture as DiT.
• It was trained using text conditions computed from T5. This aspect makes the pipeline better at following complex text prompts with intricate details.
• It is good at producing high-resolution images at different aspect ratios. To get the best results, the authors recommend some size brackets which can be found here.
• It rivals the quality of state-of-the-art text-to-image generation systems (as of this writing) such as Stable Diffusion XL, Imagen, and DALL-E 2, while being more efficient than them.

Tip

Make sure to check out the Schedulers guide to learn how to explore the tradeoff between scheduler speed and quality, and see the reuse components across pipelines section to learn how to efficiently load the same components into multiple pipelines.

Inference Pipeline

Let's walk through a full-fledged example to run the PixArtAlphaPipeline.

import mindspore as ms
from mindone.diffusers import PixArtAlphaPipeline

pipe = PixArtAlphaPipeline.from_pretrained(
    "PixArt-alpha/PixArt-XL-2-1024-MS",
    mindspore_dtype=ms.float16,
)

prompt = "cute cat"
image = pipe(prompt)[0][0]
image.save("image.png")

mindone.diffusers.PixArtAlphaPipeline

Bases: DiffusionPipeline

Pipeline for text-to-image generation using PixArt-Alpha.

This model inherits from [DiffusionPipeline]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all the pipelines (such as downloading or saving, running on a particular device, etc.)

PARAMETER	DESCRIPTION
vae	Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) Model to encode and decode images to and from latent representations. TYPE: [`AutoencoderKL`]
text_encoder	Frozen text-encoder. PixArt-Alpha uses T5, specifically the t5-v1_1-xxl variant. TYPE: [`T5EncoderModel`]
tokenizer	Tokenizer of class T5Tokenizer. TYPE: `T5Tokenizer`
transformer	A text conditioned PixArtTransformer2DModel to denoise the encoded image latents. TYPE: [`PixArtTransformer2DModel`]
scheduler	A scheduler to be used in combination with transformer to denoise the encoded image latents. TYPE: [`SchedulerMixin`]

Source code in mindone/diffusers/pipelines/pixart_alpha/pipeline_pixart_alpha.py

class PixArtAlphaPipeline(DiffusionPipeline):
    r"""
    Pipeline for text-to-image generation using PixArt-Alpha.

    This model inherits from [`DiffusionPipeline`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
    library implements for all the pipelines (such as downloading or saving, running on a particular device, etc.)

    Args:
        vae ([`AutoencoderKL`]):
            Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) Model to encode and decode images to and from latent representations.
        text_encoder ([`T5EncoderModel`]):
            Frozen text-encoder. PixArt-Alpha uses
            [T5](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/t5#transformers.T5EncoderModel), specifically the
            [t5-v1_1-xxl](https://huggingface.co/PixArt-alpha/PixArt-alpha/tree/main/t5-v1_1-xxl) variant.
        tokenizer (`T5Tokenizer`):
            Tokenizer of class
            [T5Tokenizer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/t5#transformers.T5Tokenizer).
        transformer ([`PixArtTransformer2DModel`]):
            A text conditioned `PixArtTransformer2DModel` to denoise the encoded image latents.
        scheduler ([`SchedulerMixin`]):
            A scheduler to be used in combination with `transformer` to denoise the encoded image latents.
    """

    bad_punct_regex = re.compile(
        r"["
        + "#®•©™&@·º½¾¿¡§~"
        + r"\)"
        + r"\("
        + r"\]"
        + r"\["
        + r"\}"
        + r"\{"
        + r"\|"
        + "\\"
        + r"\/"
        + r"\*"
        + r"]{1,}"
    )  # noqa

    _optional_components = ["tokenizer", "text_encoder"]
    model_cpu_offload_seq = "text_encoder->transformer->vae"

    def __init__(
        self,
        tokenizer: T5Tokenizer,
        text_encoder: T5EncoderModel,
        vae: AutoencoderKL,
        transformer: PixArtTransformer2DModel,
        scheduler: DPMSolverMultistepScheduler,
    ):
        super().__init__()

        self.register_modules(
            tokenizer=tokenizer, text_encoder=text_encoder, vae=vae, transformer=transformer, scheduler=scheduler
        )

        self.vae_scale_factor = 2 ** (len(self.vae.config.block_out_channels) - 1)
        self.image_processor = PixArtImageProcessor(vae_scale_factor=self.vae_scale_factor)

    def encode_prompt(
        self,
        prompt: Union[str, List[str]],
        do_classifier_free_guidance: bool = True,
        negative_prompt: str = "",
        num_images_per_prompt: int = 1,
        prompt_embeds: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
        negative_prompt_embeds: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
        prompt_attention_mask: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
        negative_prompt_attention_mask: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
        clean_caption: bool = False,
        max_sequence_length: int = 120,
        **kwargs,
    ):
        r"""
        Encodes the prompt into text encoder hidden states.

        Args:
            prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, *optional*):
                prompt to be encoded
            negative_prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, *optional*):
                The prompt not to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass `negative_prompt_embeds`
                instead. Ignored when not using guidance (i.e., ignored if `guidance_scale` is less than `1`). For
                PixArt-Alpha, this should be "".
            do_classifier_free_guidance (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
                whether to use classifier free guidance or not
            num_images_per_prompt (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
                number of images that should be generated per prompt
            prompt_embeds (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*):
                Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, *e.g.* prompt weighting. If not
                provided, text embeddings will be generated from `prompt` input argument.
            negative_prompt_embeds (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*):
                Pre-generated negative text embeddings. For PixArt-Alpha, it's should be the embeddings of the ""
                string.
            clean_caption (`bool`, defaults to `False`):
                If `True`, the function will preprocess and clean the provided caption before encoding.
            max_sequence_length (`int`, defaults to 120): Maximum sequence length to use for the prompt.
        """

        if "mask_feature" in kwargs:
            deprecation_message = "The use of `mask_feature` is deprecated. It is no longer used in any computation \
                and that doesn't affect the end results. It will be removed in a future version."
            deprecate("mask_feature", "1.0.0", deprecation_message, standard_warn=False)

        if prompt is not None and isinstance(prompt, str):
            batch_size = 1
        elif prompt is not None and isinstance(prompt, list):
            batch_size = len(prompt)
        else:
            batch_size = prompt_embeds.shape[0]

        # See Section 3.1. of the paper.
        max_length = max_sequence_length

        if prompt_embeds is None:
            prompt = self._text_preprocessing(prompt, clean_caption=clean_caption)
            text_inputs = self.tokenizer(
                prompt,
                padding="max_length",
                max_length=max_length,
                truncation=True,
                add_special_tokens=True,
                return_tensors="np",
            )
            text_input_ids = text_inputs.input_ids
            untruncated_ids = self.tokenizer(prompt, padding="longest", return_tensors="np").input_ids

            if untruncated_ids.shape[-1] >= text_input_ids.shape[-1] and not np.array_equal(
                text_input_ids, untruncated_ids
            ):
                removed_text = self.tokenizer.batch_decode(untruncated_ids[:, max_length - 1 : -1])
                logger.warning(
                    "The following part of your input was truncated because T5 can only handle sequences up to"
                    f" {max_length} tokens: {removed_text}"
                )

            prompt_attention_mask = ms.Tensor.from_numpy(text_inputs.attention_mask)

            prompt_embeds = self.text_encoder(ms.tensor(text_input_ids), attention_mask=prompt_attention_mask)
            prompt_embeds = prompt_embeds[0]

        if self.text_encoder is not None:
            dtype = self.text_encoder.dtype
        elif self.transformer is not None:
            dtype = self.transformer.dtype
        else:
            dtype = None

        prompt_embeds = prompt_embeds.to(dtype=dtype)

        bs_embed, seq_len, _ = prompt_embeds.shape
        # duplicate text embeddings and attention mask for each generation per prompt, using mps friendly method
        prompt_embeds = prompt_embeds.tile((1, num_images_per_prompt, 1))
        prompt_embeds = prompt_embeds.view(bs_embed * num_images_per_prompt, seq_len, -1)
        prompt_attention_mask = prompt_attention_mask.view(bs_embed, -1)
        prompt_attention_mask = prompt_attention_mask.tile((num_images_per_prompt, 1))

        # get unconditional embeddings for classifier free guidance
        if do_classifier_free_guidance and negative_prompt_embeds is None:
            uncond_tokens = [negative_prompt] * batch_size if isinstance(negative_prompt, str) else negative_prompt
            uncond_tokens = self._text_preprocessing(uncond_tokens, clean_caption=clean_caption)
            max_length = prompt_embeds.shape[1]
            uncond_input = self.tokenizer(
                uncond_tokens,
                padding="max_length",
                max_length=max_length,
                truncation=True,
                return_attention_mask=True,
                add_special_tokens=True,
                return_tensors="np",
            )
            negative_prompt_attention_mask = ms.Tensor(uncond_input.attention_mask)

            negative_prompt_embeds = self.text_encoder(
                ms.Tensor(uncond_input.input_ids), attention_mask=negative_prompt_attention_mask
            )
            negative_prompt_embeds = negative_prompt_embeds[0]

        if do_classifier_free_guidance:
            # duplicate unconditional embeddings for each generation per prompt, using mps friendly method
            seq_len = negative_prompt_embeds.shape[1]

            negative_prompt_embeds = negative_prompt_embeds.to(dtype=dtype)

            negative_prompt_embeds = negative_prompt_embeds.tile((1, num_images_per_prompt, 1))
            negative_prompt_embeds = negative_prompt_embeds.view(batch_size * num_images_per_prompt, seq_len, -1)

            negative_prompt_attention_mask = negative_prompt_attention_mask.view(bs_embed, -1)
            negative_prompt_attention_mask = negative_prompt_attention_mask.tile((num_images_per_prompt, 1))
        else:
            negative_prompt_embeds = None
            negative_prompt_attention_mask = None

        return prompt_embeds, prompt_attention_mask, negative_prompt_embeds, negative_prompt_attention_mask

    # Copied from mindone.diffusers.pipelines.stable_diffusion.pipeline_stable_diffusion.StableDiffusionPipeline.prepare_extra_step_kwargs
    def prepare_extra_step_kwargs(self, generator, eta):
        # prepare extra kwargs for the scheduler step, since not all schedulers have the same signature
        # eta (η) is only used with the DDIMScheduler, it will be ignored for other schedulers.
        # eta corresponds to η in DDIM paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.02502
        # and should be between [0, 1]

        accepts_eta = "eta" in set(inspect.signature(self.scheduler.step).parameters.keys())
        extra_step_kwargs = {}
        if accepts_eta:
            extra_step_kwargs["eta"] = eta

        # check if the scheduler accepts generator
        accepts_generator = "generator" in set(inspect.signature(self.scheduler.step).parameters.keys())
        if accepts_generator:
            extra_step_kwargs["generator"] = generator
        return extra_step_kwargs

    def check_inputs(
        self,
        prompt,
        height,
        width,
        negative_prompt,
        callback_steps,
        prompt_embeds=None,
        negative_prompt_embeds=None,
        prompt_attention_mask=None,
        negative_prompt_attention_mask=None,
    ):
        if height % 8 != 0 or width % 8 != 0:
            raise ValueError(f"`height` and `width` have to be divisible by 8 but are {height} and {width}.")

        if (callback_steps is None) or (
            callback_steps is not None and (not isinstance(callback_steps, int) or callback_steps <= 0)
        ):
            raise ValueError(
                f"`callback_steps` has to be a positive integer but is {callback_steps} of type"
                f" {type(callback_steps)}."
            )

        if prompt is not None and prompt_embeds is not None:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Cannot forward both `prompt`: {prompt} and `prompt_embeds`: {prompt_embeds}. Please make sure to"
                " only forward one of the two."
            )
        elif prompt is None and prompt_embeds is None:
            raise ValueError(
                "Provide either `prompt` or `prompt_embeds`. Cannot leave both `prompt` and `prompt_embeds` undefined."
            )
        elif prompt is not None and (not isinstance(prompt, str) and not isinstance(prompt, list)):
            raise ValueError(f"`prompt` has to be of type `str` or `list` but is {type(prompt)}")

        if prompt is not None and negative_prompt_embeds is not None:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Cannot forward both `prompt`: {prompt} and `negative_prompt_embeds`:"
                f" {negative_prompt_embeds}. Please make sure to only forward one of the two."
            )

        if negative_prompt is not None and negative_prompt_embeds is not None:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Cannot forward both `negative_prompt`: {negative_prompt} and `negative_prompt_embeds`:"
                f" {negative_prompt_embeds}. Please make sure to only forward one of the two."
            )

        if prompt_embeds is not None and prompt_attention_mask is None:
            raise ValueError("Must provide `prompt_attention_mask` when specifying `prompt_embeds`.")

        if negative_prompt_embeds is not None and negative_prompt_attention_mask is None:
            raise ValueError("Must provide `negative_prompt_attention_mask` when specifying `negative_prompt_embeds`.")

        if prompt_embeds is not None and negative_prompt_embeds is not None:
            if prompt_embeds.shape != negative_prompt_embeds.shape:
                raise ValueError(
                    "`prompt_embeds` and `negative_prompt_embeds` must have the same shape when passed directly, but"
                    f" got: `prompt_embeds` {prompt_embeds.shape} != `negative_prompt_embeds`"
                    f" {negative_prompt_embeds.shape}."
                )
            if prompt_attention_mask.shape != negative_prompt_attention_mask.shape:
                raise ValueError(
                    "`prompt_attention_mask` and `negative_prompt_attention_mask` must have the same shape when passed directly, but"
                    f" got: `prompt_attention_mask` {prompt_attention_mask.shape} != `negative_prompt_attention_mask`"
                    f" {negative_prompt_attention_mask.shape}."
                )

    def _text_preprocessing(self, text, clean_caption=False):
        if clean_caption and not is_bs4_available():
            logger.warning(BACKENDS_MAPPING["bs4"][-1].format("Setting `clean_caption=True`"))
            logger.warning("Setting `clean_caption` to False...")
            clean_caption = False

        if clean_caption and not is_ftfy_available():
            logger.warning(BACKENDS_MAPPING["ftfy"][-1].format("Setting `clean_caption=True`"))
            logger.warning("Setting `clean_caption` to False...")
            clean_caption = False

        if not isinstance(text, (tuple, list)):
            text = [text]

        def process(text: str):
            if clean_caption:
                text = self._clean_caption(text)
                text = self._clean_caption(text)
            else:
                text = text.lower().strip()
            return text

        return [process(t) for t in text]

    def _clean_caption(self, caption):
        caption = str(caption)
        caption = ul.unquote_plus(caption)
        caption = caption.strip().lower()
        caption = re.sub("<person>", "person", caption)
        # urls:
        caption = re.sub(
            r"\b((?:https?:(?:\/{1,3}|[a-zA-Z0-9%])|[a-zA-Z0-9.\-]+[.](?:com|co|ru|net|org|edu|gov|it)[\w/-]*\b\/?(?!@)))",  # noqa
            "",
            caption,
        )  # regex for urls
        caption = re.sub(
            r"\b((?:www:(?:\/{1,3}|[a-zA-Z0-9%])|[a-zA-Z0-9.\-]+[.](?:com|co|ru|net|org|edu|gov|it)[\w/-]*\b\/?(?!@)))",  # noqa
            "",
            caption,
        )  # regex for urls
        # html:
        caption = BeautifulSoup(caption, features="html.parser").text

        # @<nickname>
        caption = re.sub(r"@[\w\d]+\b", "", caption)

        # 31C0—31EF CJK Strokes
        # 31F0—31FF Katakana Phonetic Extensions
        # 3200—32FF Enclosed CJK Letters and Months
        # 3300—33FF CJK Compatibility
        # 3400—4DBF CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A
        # 4DC0—4DFF Yijing Hexagram Symbols
        # 4E00—9FFF CJK Unified Ideographs
        caption = re.sub(r"[\u31c0-\u31ef]+", "", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"[\u31f0-\u31ff]+", "", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"[\u3200-\u32ff]+", "", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"[\u3300-\u33ff]+", "", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"[\u3400-\u4dbf]+", "", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"[\u4dc0-\u4dff]+", "", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"[\u4e00-\u9fff]+", "", caption)
        #######################################################

        # все виды тире / all types of dash --> "-"
        caption = re.sub(
            r"[\u002D\u058A\u05BE\u1400\u1806\u2010-\u2015\u2E17\u2E1A\u2E3A\u2E3B\u2E40\u301C\u3030\u30A0\uFE31\uFE32\uFE58\uFE63\uFF0D]+",  # noqa
            "-",
            caption,
        )

        # кавычки к одному стандарту
        caption = re.sub(r"[`´«»“”¨]", '"', caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"[‘’]", "'", caption)

        # &quot;
        caption = re.sub(r"&quot;?", "", caption)
        # &amp
        caption = re.sub(r"&amp", "", caption)

        # ip adresses:
        caption = re.sub(r"\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}", " ", caption)

        # article ids:
        caption = re.sub(r"\d:\d\d\s+$", "", caption)

        # \n
        caption = re.sub(r"\\n", " ", caption)

        # "#123"
        caption = re.sub(r"#\d{1,3}\b", "", caption)
        # "#12345.."
        caption = re.sub(r"#\d{5,}\b", "", caption)
        # "123456.."
        caption = re.sub(r"\b\d{6,}\b", "", caption)
        # filenames:
        caption = re.sub(r"[\S]+\.(?:png|jpg|jpeg|bmp|webp|eps|pdf|apk|mp4)", "", caption)

        #
        caption = re.sub(r"[\"\']{2,}", r'"', caption)  # """AUSVERKAUFT"""
        caption = re.sub(r"[\.]{2,}", r" ", caption)  # """AUSVERKAUFT"""

        caption = re.sub(self.bad_punct_regex, r" ", caption)  # ***AUSVERKAUFT***, #AUSVERKAUFT
        caption = re.sub(r"\s+\.\s+", r" ", caption)  # " . "

        # this-is-my-cute-cat / this_is_my_cute_cat
        regex2 = re.compile(r"(?:\-|\_)")
        if len(re.findall(regex2, caption)) > 3:
            caption = re.sub(regex2, " ", caption)

        caption = ftfy.fix_text(caption)
        caption = html.unescape(html.unescape(caption))

        caption = re.sub(r"\b[a-zA-Z]{1,3}\d{3,15}\b", "", caption)  # jc6640
        caption = re.sub(r"\b[a-zA-Z]+\d+[a-zA-Z]+\b", "", caption)  # jc6640vc
        caption = re.sub(r"\b\d+[a-zA-Z]+\d+\b", "", caption)  # 6640vc231

        caption = re.sub(r"(worldwide\s+)?(free\s+)?shipping", "", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"(free\s)?download(\sfree)?", "", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"\bclick\b\s(?:for|on)\s\w+", "", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"\b(?:png|jpg|jpeg|bmp|webp|eps|pdf|apk|mp4)(\simage[s]?)?", "", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"\bpage\s+\d+\b", "", caption)

        caption = re.sub(r"\b\d*[a-zA-Z]+\d+[a-zA-Z]+\d+[a-zA-Z\d]*\b", r" ", caption)  # j2d1a2a...

        caption = re.sub(r"\b\d+\.?\d*[xх×]\d+\.?\d*\b", "", caption)

        caption = re.sub(r"\b\s+\:\s+", r": ", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"(\D[,\./])\b", r"\1 ", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"\s+", " ", caption)

        caption.strip()

        caption = re.sub(r"^[\"\']([\w\W]+)[\"\']$", r"\1", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"^[\'\_,\-\:;]", r"", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"[\'\_,\-\:\-\+]$", r"", caption)
        caption = re.sub(r"^\.\S+$", "", caption)

        return caption.strip()

    # Copied from diffusers.pipelines.stable_diffusion.pipeline_stable_diffusion.StableDiffusionPipeline.prepare_latents
    def prepare_latents(self, batch_size, num_channels_latents, height, width, dtype, generator, latents=None):
        shape = (
            batch_size,
            num_channels_latents,
            int(height) // self.vae_scale_factor,
            int(width) // self.vae_scale_factor,
        )
        if isinstance(generator, list) and len(generator) != batch_size:
            raise ValueError(
                f"You have passed a list of generators of length {len(generator)}, but requested an effective batch"
                f" size of {batch_size}. Make sure the batch size matches the length of the generators."
            )

        if latents is None:
            latents = randn_tensor(shape, generator=generator, dtype=dtype)
        else:
            latents = latents.to(dtype)

        # scale the initial noise by the standard deviation required by the scheduler
        latents = latents * self.scheduler.init_noise_sigma
        # wtf? The above line changes the dtype of latents from fp16 to fp32, so we need a casting.
        latents = latents.to(dtype=dtype)
        return latents

    def __call__(
        self,
        prompt: Union[str, List[str]] = None,
        negative_prompt: str = "",
        num_inference_steps: int = 20,
        timesteps: List[int] = None,
        sigmas: List[float] = None,
        guidance_scale: float = 4.5,
        num_images_per_prompt: Optional[int] = 1,
        height: Optional[int] = None,
        width: Optional[int] = None,
        eta: float = 0.0,
        generator: Optional[Union[np.random.Generator, List[np.random.Generator]]] = None,
        latents: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
        prompt_embeds: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
        prompt_attention_mask: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
        negative_prompt_embeds: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
        negative_prompt_attention_mask: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
        output_type: Optional[str] = "pil",
        return_dict: bool = True,
        callback: Optional[Callable[[int, int, ms.Tensor], None]] = None,
        callback_steps: int = 1,
        clean_caption: bool = True,
        use_resolution_binning: bool = True,
        max_sequence_length: int = 120,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> Union[ImagePipelineOutput, Tuple]:
        """
        Function invoked when calling the pipeline for generation.

        Args:
            prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, *optional*):
                The prompt or prompts to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass `prompt_embeds`.
                instead.
            negative_prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, *optional*):
                The prompt or prompts not to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass
                `negative_prompt_embeds` instead. Ignored when not using guidance (i.e., ignored if `guidance_scale` is
                less than `1`).
            num_inference_steps (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 100):
                The number of denoising steps. More denoising steps usually lead to a higher quality image at the
                expense of slower inference.
            timesteps (`List[int]`, *optional*):
                Custom timesteps to use for the denoising process with schedulers which support a `timesteps` argument
                in their `set_timesteps` method. If not defined, the default behavior when `num_inference_steps` is
                passed will be used. Must be in descending order.
            sigmas (`List[float]`, *optional*):
                Custom sigmas to use for the denoising process with schedulers which support a `sigmas` argument in
                their `set_timesteps` method. If not defined, the default behavior when `num_inference_steps` is passed
                will be used.
            guidance_scale (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 4.5):
                Guidance scale as defined in [Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance](https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.12598).
                `guidance_scale` is defined as `w` of equation 2. of [Imagen
                Paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.11487.pdf). Guidance scale is enabled by setting `guidance_scale >
                1`. Higher guidance scale encourages to generate images that are closely linked to the text `prompt`,
                usually at the expense of lower image quality.
            num_images_per_prompt (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
                The number of images to generate per prompt.
            height (`int`, *optional*, defaults to self.unet.config.sample_size):
                The height in pixels of the generated image.
            width (`int`, *optional*, defaults to self.unet.config.sample_size):
                The width in pixels of the generated image.
            eta (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
                Corresponds to parameter eta (η) in the DDIM paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.02502. Only applies to
                [`schedulers.DDIMScheduler`], will be ignored for others.
            generator (`torch.Generator` or `List[torch.Generator]`, *optional*):
                One or a list of [torch generator(s)](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.Generator.html)
                to make generation deterministic.
            latents (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*):
                Pre-generated noisy latents, sampled from a Gaussian distribution, to be used as inputs for image
                generation. Can be used to tweak the same generation with different prompts. If not provided, a latents
                tensor will ge generated by sampling using the supplied random `generator`.
            prompt_embeds (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*):
                Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, *e.g.* prompt weighting. If not
                provided, text embeddings will be generated from `prompt` input argument.
            prompt_attention_mask (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*): Pre-generated attention mask for text embeddings.
            negative_prompt_embeds (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*):
                Pre-generated negative text embeddings. For PixArt-Alpha this negative prompt should be "". If not
                provided, negative_prompt_embeds will be generated from `negative_prompt` input argument.
            negative_prompt_attention_mask (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*):
                Pre-generated attention mask for negative text embeddings.
            output_type (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"pil"`):
                The output format of the generate image. Choose between
                [PIL](https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/): `PIL.Image.Image` or `np.array`.
            return_dict (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
                Whether or not to return a [`~pipelines.stable_diffusion.IFPipelineOutput`] instead of a plain tuple.
            callback (`Callable`, *optional*):
                A function that will be called every `callback_steps` steps during inference. The function will be
                called with the following arguments: `callback(step: int, timestep: int, latents: ms.Tensor)`.
            callback_steps (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
                The frequency at which the `callback` function will be called. If not specified, the callback will be
                called at every step.
            clean_caption (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
                Whether or not to clean the caption before creating embeddings. Requires `beautifulsoup4` and `ftfy` to
                be installed. If the dependencies are not installed, the embeddings will be created from the raw
                prompt.
            use_resolution_binning (`bool` defaults to `True`):
                If set to `True`, the requested height and width are first mapped to the closest resolutions using
                `ASPECT_RATIO_1024_BIN`. After the produced latents are decoded into images, they are resized back to
                the requested resolution. Useful for generating non-square images.
            max_sequence_length (`int` defaults to 120): Maximum sequence length to use with the `prompt`.

        Examples:

        Returns:
            [`~pipelines.ImagePipelineOutput`] or `tuple`:
                If `return_dict` is `True`, [`~pipelines.ImagePipelineOutput`] is returned, otherwise a `tuple` is
                returned where the first element is a list with the generated images
        """
        if "mask_feature" in kwargs:
            deprecation_message = "The use of `mask_feature` is deprecated. It is no longer used in any computation \
                and that doesn't affect the end results. It will be removed in a future version."
            deprecate("mask_feature", "1.0.0", deprecation_message, standard_warn=False)
        # 1. Check inputs. Raise error if not correct
        height = height or self.transformer.config.sample_size * self.vae_scale_factor
        width = width or self.transformer.config.sample_size * self.vae_scale_factor
        if use_resolution_binning:
            if self.transformer.config.sample_size == 128:
                aspect_ratio_bin = ASPECT_RATIO_1024_BIN
            elif self.transformer.config.sample_size == 64:
                aspect_ratio_bin = ASPECT_RATIO_512_BIN
            elif self.transformer.config.sample_size == 32:
                aspect_ratio_bin = ASPECT_RATIO_256_BIN
            else:
                raise ValueError("Invalid sample size")
            orig_height, orig_width = height, width
            height, width = self.image_processor.classify_height_width_bin(height, width, ratios=aspect_ratio_bin)

        self.check_inputs(
            prompt,
            height,
            width,
            negative_prompt,
            callback_steps,
            prompt_embeds,
            negative_prompt_embeds,
            prompt_attention_mask,
            negative_prompt_attention_mask,
        )

        # 2. Default height and width to transformer
        if prompt is not None and isinstance(prompt, str):
            batch_size = 1
        elif prompt is not None and isinstance(prompt, list):
            batch_size = len(prompt)
        else:
            batch_size = prompt_embeds.shape[0]

        # here `guidance_scale` is defined analog to the guidance weight `w` of equation (2)
        # of the Imagen paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.11487.pdf . `guidance_scale = 1`
        # corresponds to doing no classifier free guidance.
        do_classifier_free_guidance = guidance_scale > 1.0

        # 3. Encode input prompt
        (
            prompt_embeds,
            prompt_attention_mask,
            negative_prompt_embeds,
            negative_prompt_attention_mask,
        ) = self.encode_prompt(
            prompt,
            do_classifier_free_guidance,
            negative_prompt=negative_prompt,
            num_images_per_prompt=num_images_per_prompt,
            prompt_embeds=prompt_embeds,
            negative_prompt_embeds=negative_prompt_embeds,
            prompt_attention_mask=prompt_attention_mask,
            negative_prompt_attention_mask=negative_prompt_attention_mask,
            clean_caption=clean_caption,
            max_sequence_length=max_sequence_length,
        )
        if do_classifier_free_guidance:
            prompt_embeds = ops.cat([negative_prompt_embeds, prompt_embeds], axis=0)
            prompt_attention_mask = ops.cat([negative_prompt_attention_mask, prompt_attention_mask], axis=0)

        # 4. Prepare timesteps
        timesteps, num_inference_steps = retrieve_timesteps(self.scheduler, num_inference_steps, timesteps, sigmas)

        # 5. Prepare latents.
        latent_channels = self.transformer.config.in_channels
        latents = self.prepare_latents(
            batch_size * num_images_per_prompt,
            latent_channels,
            height,
            width,
            prompt_embeds.dtype,
            generator,
            latents,
        )

        # 6. Prepare extra step kwargs. TODO: Logic should ideally just be moved out of the pipeline
        extra_step_kwargs = self.prepare_extra_step_kwargs(generator, eta)

        # 6.1 Prepare micro-conditions.
        added_cond_kwargs = {"resolution": None, "aspect_ratio": None}
        if self.transformer.config.sample_size == 128:
            resolution = ms.tensor([height, width]).tile((batch_size * num_images_per_prompt, 1))
            aspect_ratio = ms.tensor([float(height / width)]).tile((batch_size * num_images_per_prompt, 1))
            resolution = resolution.to(dtype=prompt_embeds.dtype)
            aspect_ratio = aspect_ratio.to(dtype=prompt_embeds.dtype)

            if do_classifier_free_guidance:
                resolution = ops.cat([resolution, resolution], axis=0)
                aspect_ratio = ops.cat([aspect_ratio, aspect_ratio], axis=0)

            added_cond_kwargs = {"resolution": resolution, "aspect_ratio": aspect_ratio}

        # 7. Denoising loop
        num_warmup_steps = max(len(timesteps) - num_inference_steps * self.scheduler.order, 0)
        with self.progress_bar(total=num_inference_steps) as progress_bar:
            for i, t in enumerate(timesteps):
                latent_model_input = ops.cat([latents] * 2) if do_classifier_free_guidance else latents
                latent_model_input_dtype = latent_model_input.dtype
                latent_model_input = self.scheduler.scale_model_input(latent_model_input, t)
                latent_model_input = latent_model_input.to(latent_model_input_dtype)

                current_timestep = t
                if not ops.is_tensor(current_timestep):
                    # TODO: this requires sync between CPU and GPU. So try to pass timesteps as tensors if you can
                    # This would be a good case for the `match` statement (Python 3.10+)
                    if isinstance(current_timestep, float):
                        dtype = ms.float32
                    else:
                        dtype = ms.int32
                    current_timestep = ms.tensor([current_timestep], dtype=dtype)
                elif len(current_timestep.shape) == 0:
                    current_timestep = current_timestep[None]
                # broadcast to batch dimension in a way that's compatible with ONNX/Core ML
                current_timestep = current_timestep.broadcast_to((latent_model_input.shape[0],))

                # predict noise model_output
                noise_pred = self.transformer(
                    latent_model_input,
                    encoder_hidden_states=prompt_embeds,
                    encoder_attention_mask=prompt_attention_mask,
                    timestep=current_timestep,
                    added_cond_kwargs=ms.mutable(added_cond_kwargs)
                    if self.transformer.config.sample_size == 128
                    else added_cond_kwargs,
                    return_dict=False,
                )[0]

                # perform guidance
                if do_classifier_free_guidance:
                    noise_pred_uncond, noise_pred_text = noise_pred.chunk(2)
                    noise_pred = noise_pred_uncond + guidance_scale * (noise_pred_text - noise_pred_uncond)

                # learned sigma
                if self.transformer.config.out_channels // 2 == latent_channels:
                    noise_pred = noise_pred.chunk(2, axis=1)[0]
                else:
                    noise_pred = noise_pred

                # compute previous image: x_t -> x_t-1
                latents_dtype = latents.dtype
                if num_inference_steps == 1:
                    # For DMD one step sampling: https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.18828
                    latents = self.scheduler.step(
                        noise_pred, t, latents, **extra_step_kwargs, return_dict=True
                    ).pred_original_sample
                else:
                    latents = self.scheduler.step(noise_pred, t, latents, **extra_step_kwargs, return_dict=False)[0]
                latents = latents.to(latents_dtype)

                # call the callback, if provided
                if i == len(timesteps) - 1 or ((i + 1) > num_warmup_steps and (i + 1) % self.scheduler.order == 0):
                    progress_bar.update()
                    if callback is not None and i % callback_steps == 0:
                        step_idx = i // getattr(self.scheduler, "order", 1)
                        callback(step_idx, t, latents)

        if not output_type == "latent":
            image = self.vae.decode(latents / self.vae.config.scaling_factor, return_dict=False)[0]
            if use_resolution_binning:
                image = self.image_processor.resize_and_crop_tensor(image, orig_width, orig_height)
        else:
            image = latents

        if not output_type == "latent":
            image = self.image_processor.postprocess(image, output_type=output_type)

        if not return_dict:
            return (image,)

        return ImagePipelineOutput(images=image)

mindone.diffusers.PixArtAlphaPipeline.__call__(prompt=None, negative_prompt='', num_inference_steps=20, timesteps=None, sigmas=None, guidance_scale=4.5, num_images_per_prompt=1, height=None, width=None, eta=0.0, generator=None, latents=None, prompt_embeds=None, prompt_attention_mask=None, negative_prompt_embeds=None, negative_prompt_attention_mask=None, output_type='pil', return_dict=True, callback=None, callback_steps=1, clean_caption=True, use_resolution_binning=True, max_sequence_length=120, **kwargs)

Function invoked when calling the pipeline for generation.

PARAMETER	DESCRIPTION
prompt	The prompt or prompts to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass prompt_embeds. instead. TYPE: `str` or `List[str]`, *optional* DEFAULT: None
negative_prompt	The prompt or prompts not to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass negative_prompt_embeds instead. Ignored when not using guidance (i.e., ignored if guidance_scale is less than 1). TYPE: `str` or `List[str]`, *optional* DEFAULT: ''
num_inference_steps	The number of denoising steps. More denoising steps usually lead to a higher quality image at the expense of slower inference. TYPE: `int`, *optional*, defaults to 100 DEFAULT: 20
timesteps	Custom timesteps to use for the denoising process with schedulers which support a timesteps argument in their set_timesteps method. If not defined, the default behavior when num_inference_steps is passed will be used. Must be in descending order. TYPE: `List[int]`, *optional* DEFAULT: None
sigmas	Custom sigmas to use for the denoising process with schedulers which support a sigmas argument in their set_timesteps method. If not defined, the default behavior when num_inference_steps is passed will be used. TYPE: `List[float]`, *optional* DEFAULT: None
guidance_scale	Guidance scale as defined in Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance. guidance_scale is defined as w of equation 2. of Imagen Paper. Guidance scale is enabled by setting guidance_scale > 1. Higher guidance scale encourages to generate images that are closely linked to the text prompt, usually at the expense of lower image quality. TYPE: `float`, *optional*, defaults to 4.5 DEFAULT: 4.5
num_images_per_prompt	The number of images to generate per prompt. TYPE: `int`, *optional*, defaults to 1 DEFAULT: 1
height	The height in pixels of the generated image. TYPE: `int`, *optional*, defaults to self.unet.config.sample_size DEFAULT: None
width	The width in pixels of the generated image. TYPE: `int`, *optional*, defaults to self.unet.config.sample_size DEFAULT: None
eta	Corresponds to parameter eta (η) in the DDIM paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.02502. Only applies to [schedulers.DDIMScheduler], will be ignored for others. TYPE: `float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0 DEFAULT: 0.0
generator	One or a list of torch generator(s) to make generation deterministic. TYPE: `torch.Generator` or `List[torch.Generator]`, *optional* DEFAULT: None
latents	Pre-generated noisy latents, sampled from a Gaussian distribution, to be used as inputs for image generation. Can be used to tweak the same generation with different prompts. If not provided, a latents tensor will ge generated by sampling using the supplied random generator. TYPE: `ms.Tensor`, *optional* DEFAULT: None
prompt_embeds	Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, e.g. prompt weighting. If not provided, text embeddings will be generated from prompt input argument. TYPE: `ms.Tensor`, *optional* DEFAULT: None
prompt_attention_mask	Pre-generated attention mask for text embeddings. TYPE: `ms.Tensor`, *optional* DEFAULT: None
negative_prompt_embeds	Pre-generated negative text embeddings. For PixArt-Alpha this negative prompt should be "". If not provided, negative_prompt_embeds will be generated from negative_prompt input argument. TYPE: `ms.Tensor`, *optional* DEFAULT: None
negative_prompt_attention_mask	Pre-generated attention mask for negative text embeddings. TYPE: `ms.Tensor`, *optional* DEFAULT: None
output_type	The output format of the generate image. Choose between PIL: PIL.Image.Image or np.array. TYPE: `str`, *optional*, defaults to `"pil"` DEFAULT: 'pil'
return_dict	Whether or not to return a [~pipelines.stable_diffusion.IFPipelineOutput] instead of a plain tuple. TYPE: `bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True` DEFAULT: True
callback	A function that will be called every callback_steps steps during inference. The function will be called with the following arguments: callback(step: int, timestep: int, latents: ms.Tensor). TYPE: `Callable`, *optional* DEFAULT: None
callback_steps	The frequency at which the callback function will be called. If not specified, the callback will be called at every step. TYPE: `int`, *optional*, defaults to 1 DEFAULT: 1
clean_caption	Whether or not to clean the caption before creating embeddings. Requires beautifulsoup4 and ftfy to be installed. If the dependencies are not installed, the embeddings will be created from the raw prompt. TYPE: `bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True` DEFAULT: True
use_resolution_binning	If set to True, the requested height and width are first mapped to the closest resolutions using ASPECT_RATIO_1024_BIN. After the produced latents are decoded into images, they are resized back to the requested resolution. Useful for generating non-square images. TYPE: `bool` defaults to `True` DEFAULT: True
max_sequence_length	Maximum sequence length to use with the prompt. TYPE: `int` defaults to 120 DEFAULT: 120

RETURNS	DESCRIPTION
Union[ImagePipelineOutput, Tuple]	[~pipelines.ImagePipelineOutput] or tuple: If return_dict is True, [~pipelines.ImagePipelineOutput] is returned, otherwise a tuple is returned where the first element is a list with the generated images

Source code in mindone/diffusers/pipelines/pixart_alpha/pipeline_pixart_alpha.py

def __call__(
    self,
    prompt: Union[str, List[str]] = None,
    negative_prompt: str = "",
    num_inference_steps: int = 20,
    timesteps: List[int] = None,
    sigmas: List[float] = None,
    guidance_scale: float = 4.5,
    num_images_per_prompt: Optional[int] = 1,
    height: Optional[int] = None,
    width: Optional[int] = None,
    eta: float = 0.0,
    generator: Optional[Union[np.random.Generator, List[np.random.Generator]]] = None,
    latents: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
    prompt_embeds: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
    prompt_attention_mask: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
    negative_prompt_embeds: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
    negative_prompt_attention_mask: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
    output_type: Optional[str] = "pil",
    return_dict: bool = True,
    callback: Optional[Callable[[int, int, ms.Tensor], None]] = None,
    callback_steps: int = 1,
    clean_caption: bool = True,
    use_resolution_binning: bool = True,
    max_sequence_length: int = 120,
    **kwargs,
) -> Union[ImagePipelineOutput, Tuple]:
    """
    Function invoked when calling the pipeline for generation.

    Args:
        prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, *optional*):
            The prompt or prompts to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass `prompt_embeds`.
            instead.
        negative_prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, *optional*):
            The prompt or prompts not to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass
            `negative_prompt_embeds` instead. Ignored when not using guidance (i.e., ignored if `guidance_scale` is
            less than `1`).
        num_inference_steps (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 100):
            The number of denoising steps. More denoising steps usually lead to a higher quality image at the
            expense of slower inference.
        timesteps (`List[int]`, *optional*):
            Custom timesteps to use for the denoising process with schedulers which support a `timesteps` argument
            in their `set_timesteps` method. If not defined, the default behavior when `num_inference_steps` is
            passed will be used. Must be in descending order.
        sigmas (`List[float]`, *optional*):
            Custom sigmas to use for the denoising process with schedulers which support a `sigmas` argument in
            their `set_timesteps` method. If not defined, the default behavior when `num_inference_steps` is passed
            will be used.
        guidance_scale (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 4.5):
            Guidance scale as defined in [Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance](https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.12598).
            `guidance_scale` is defined as `w` of equation 2. of [Imagen
            Paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.11487.pdf). Guidance scale is enabled by setting `guidance_scale >
            1`. Higher guidance scale encourages to generate images that are closely linked to the text `prompt`,
            usually at the expense of lower image quality.
        num_images_per_prompt (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
            The number of images to generate per prompt.
        height (`int`, *optional*, defaults to self.unet.config.sample_size):
            The height in pixels of the generated image.
        width (`int`, *optional*, defaults to self.unet.config.sample_size):
            The width in pixels of the generated image.
        eta (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
            Corresponds to parameter eta (η) in the DDIM paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.02502. Only applies to
            [`schedulers.DDIMScheduler`], will be ignored for others.
        generator (`torch.Generator` or `List[torch.Generator]`, *optional*):
            One or a list of [torch generator(s)](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.Generator.html)
            to make generation deterministic.
        latents (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*):
            Pre-generated noisy latents, sampled from a Gaussian distribution, to be used as inputs for image
            generation. Can be used to tweak the same generation with different prompts. If not provided, a latents
            tensor will ge generated by sampling using the supplied random `generator`.
        prompt_embeds (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*):
            Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, *e.g.* prompt weighting. If not
            provided, text embeddings will be generated from `prompt` input argument.
        prompt_attention_mask (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*): Pre-generated attention mask for text embeddings.
        negative_prompt_embeds (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*):
            Pre-generated negative text embeddings. For PixArt-Alpha this negative prompt should be "". If not
            provided, negative_prompt_embeds will be generated from `negative_prompt` input argument.
        negative_prompt_attention_mask (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*):
            Pre-generated attention mask for negative text embeddings.
        output_type (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"pil"`):
            The output format of the generate image. Choose between
            [PIL](https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/): `PIL.Image.Image` or `np.array`.
        return_dict (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
            Whether or not to return a [`~pipelines.stable_diffusion.IFPipelineOutput`] instead of a plain tuple.
        callback (`Callable`, *optional*):
            A function that will be called every `callback_steps` steps during inference. The function will be
            called with the following arguments: `callback(step: int, timestep: int, latents: ms.Tensor)`.
        callback_steps (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
            The frequency at which the `callback` function will be called. If not specified, the callback will be
            called at every step.
        clean_caption (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
            Whether or not to clean the caption before creating embeddings. Requires `beautifulsoup4` and `ftfy` to
            be installed. If the dependencies are not installed, the embeddings will be created from the raw
            prompt.
        use_resolution_binning (`bool` defaults to `True`):
            If set to `True`, the requested height and width are first mapped to the closest resolutions using
            `ASPECT_RATIO_1024_BIN`. After the produced latents are decoded into images, they are resized back to
            the requested resolution. Useful for generating non-square images.
        max_sequence_length (`int` defaults to 120): Maximum sequence length to use with the `prompt`.

    Examples:

    Returns:
        [`~pipelines.ImagePipelineOutput`] or `tuple`:
            If `return_dict` is `True`, [`~pipelines.ImagePipelineOutput`] is returned, otherwise a `tuple` is
            returned where the first element is a list with the generated images
    """
    if "mask_feature" in kwargs:
        deprecation_message = "The use of `mask_feature` is deprecated. It is no longer used in any computation \
            and that doesn't affect the end results. It will be removed in a future version."
        deprecate("mask_feature", "1.0.0", deprecation_message, standard_warn=False)
    # 1. Check inputs. Raise error if not correct
    height = height or self.transformer.config.sample_size * self.vae_scale_factor
    width = width or self.transformer.config.sample_size * self.vae_scale_factor
    if use_resolution_binning:
        if self.transformer.config.sample_size == 128:
            aspect_ratio_bin = ASPECT_RATIO_1024_BIN
        elif self.transformer.config.sample_size == 64:
            aspect_ratio_bin = ASPECT_RATIO_512_BIN
        elif self.transformer.config.sample_size == 32:
            aspect_ratio_bin = ASPECT_RATIO_256_BIN
        else:
            raise ValueError("Invalid sample size")
        orig_height, orig_width = height, width
        height, width = self.image_processor.classify_height_width_bin(height, width, ratios=aspect_ratio_bin)

    self.check_inputs(
        prompt,
        height,
        width,
        negative_prompt,
        callback_steps,
        prompt_embeds,
        negative_prompt_embeds,
        prompt_attention_mask,
        negative_prompt_attention_mask,
    )

    # 2. Default height and width to transformer
    if prompt is not None and isinstance(prompt, str):
        batch_size = 1
    elif prompt is not None and isinstance(prompt, list):
        batch_size = len(prompt)
    else:
        batch_size = prompt_embeds.shape[0]

    # here `guidance_scale` is defined analog to the guidance weight `w` of equation (2)
    # of the Imagen paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.11487.pdf . `guidance_scale = 1`
    # corresponds to doing no classifier free guidance.
    do_classifier_free_guidance = guidance_scale > 1.0

    # 3. Encode input prompt
    (
        prompt_embeds,
        prompt_attention_mask,
        negative_prompt_embeds,
        negative_prompt_attention_mask,
    ) = self.encode_prompt(
        prompt,
        do_classifier_free_guidance,
        negative_prompt=negative_prompt,
        num_images_per_prompt=num_images_per_prompt,
        prompt_embeds=prompt_embeds,
        negative_prompt_embeds=negative_prompt_embeds,
        prompt_attention_mask=prompt_attention_mask,
        negative_prompt_attention_mask=negative_prompt_attention_mask,
        clean_caption=clean_caption,
        max_sequence_length=max_sequence_length,
    )
    if do_classifier_free_guidance:
        prompt_embeds = ops.cat([negative_prompt_embeds, prompt_embeds], axis=0)
        prompt_attention_mask = ops.cat([negative_prompt_attention_mask, prompt_attention_mask], axis=0)

    # 4. Prepare timesteps
    timesteps, num_inference_steps = retrieve_timesteps(self.scheduler, num_inference_steps, timesteps, sigmas)

    # 5. Prepare latents.
    latent_channels = self.transformer.config.in_channels
    latents = self.prepare_latents(
        batch_size * num_images_per_prompt,
        latent_channels,
        height,
        width,
        prompt_embeds.dtype,
        generator,
        latents,
    )

    # 6. Prepare extra step kwargs. TODO: Logic should ideally just be moved out of the pipeline
    extra_step_kwargs = self.prepare_extra_step_kwargs(generator, eta)

    # 6.1 Prepare micro-conditions.
    added_cond_kwargs = {"resolution": None, "aspect_ratio": None}
    if self.transformer.config.sample_size == 128:
        resolution = ms.tensor([height, width]).tile((batch_size * num_images_per_prompt, 1))
        aspect_ratio = ms.tensor([float(height / width)]).tile((batch_size * num_images_per_prompt, 1))
        resolution = resolution.to(dtype=prompt_embeds.dtype)
        aspect_ratio = aspect_ratio.to(dtype=prompt_embeds.dtype)

        if do_classifier_free_guidance:
            resolution = ops.cat([resolution, resolution], axis=0)
            aspect_ratio = ops.cat([aspect_ratio, aspect_ratio], axis=0)

        added_cond_kwargs = {"resolution": resolution, "aspect_ratio": aspect_ratio}

    # 7. Denoising loop
    num_warmup_steps = max(len(timesteps) - num_inference_steps * self.scheduler.order, 0)
    with self.progress_bar(total=num_inference_steps) as progress_bar:
        for i, t in enumerate(timesteps):
            latent_model_input = ops.cat([latents] * 2) if do_classifier_free_guidance else latents
            latent_model_input_dtype = latent_model_input.dtype
            latent_model_input = self.scheduler.scale_model_input(latent_model_input, t)
            latent_model_input = latent_model_input.to(latent_model_input_dtype)

            current_timestep = t
            if not ops.is_tensor(current_timestep):
                # TODO: this requires sync between CPU and GPU. So try to pass timesteps as tensors if you can
                # This would be a good case for the `match` statement (Python 3.10+)
                if isinstance(current_timestep, float):
                    dtype = ms.float32
                else:
                    dtype = ms.int32
                current_timestep = ms.tensor([current_timestep], dtype=dtype)
            elif len(current_timestep.shape) == 0:
                current_timestep = current_timestep[None]
            # broadcast to batch dimension in a way that's compatible with ONNX/Core ML
            current_timestep = current_timestep.broadcast_to((latent_model_input.shape[0],))

            # predict noise model_output
            noise_pred = self.transformer(
                latent_model_input,
                encoder_hidden_states=prompt_embeds,
                encoder_attention_mask=prompt_attention_mask,
                timestep=current_timestep,
                added_cond_kwargs=ms.mutable(added_cond_kwargs)
                if self.transformer.config.sample_size == 128
                else added_cond_kwargs,
                return_dict=False,
            )[0]

            # perform guidance
            if do_classifier_free_guidance:
                noise_pred_uncond, noise_pred_text = noise_pred.chunk(2)
                noise_pred = noise_pred_uncond + guidance_scale * (noise_pred_text - noise_pred_uncond)

            # learned sigma
            if self.transformer.config.out_channels // 2 == latent_channels:
                noise_pred = noise_pred.chunk(2, axis=1)[0]
            else:
                noise_pred = noise_pred

            # compute previous image: x_t -> x_t-1
            latents_dtype = latents.dtype
            if num_inference_steps == 1:
                # For DMD one step sampling: https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.18828
                latents = self.scheduler.step(
                    noise_pred, t, latents, **extra_step_kwargs, return_dict=True
                ).pred_original_sample
            else:
                latents = self.scheduler.step(noise_pred, t, latents, **extra_step_kwargs, return_dict=False)[0]
            latents = latents.to(latents_dtype)

            # call the callback, if provided
            if i == len(timesteps) - 1 or ((i + 1) > num_warmup_steps and (i + 1) % self.scheduler.order == 0):
                progress_bar.update()
                if callback is not None and i % callback_steps == 0:
                    step_idx = i // getattr(self.scheduler, "order", 1)
                    callback(step_idx, t, latents)

    if not output_type == "latent":
        image = self.vae.decode(latents / self.vae.config.scaling_factor, return_dict=False)[0]
        if use_resolution_binning:
            image = self.image_processor.resize_and_crop_tensor(image, orig_width, orig_height)
    else:
        image = latents

    if not output_type == "latent":
        image = self.image_processor.postprocess(image, output_type=output_type)

    if not return_dict:
        return (image,)

    return ImagePipelineOutput(images=image)

mindone.diffusers.PixArtAlphaPipeline.encode_prompt(prompt, do_classifier_free_guidance=True, negative_prompt='', num_images_per_prompt=1, prompt_embeds=None, negative_prompt_embeds=None, prompt_attention_mask=None, negative_prompt_attention_mask=None, clean_caption=False, max_sequence_length=120, **kwargs)

Encodes the prompt into text encoder hidden states.

PARAMETER	DESCRIPTION
prompt	prompt to be encoded TYPE: `str` or `List[str]`, *optional*
negative_prompt	The prompt not to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass negative_prompt_embeds instead. Ignored when not using guidance (i.e., ignored if guidance_scale is less than 1). For PixArt-Alpha, this should be "". TYPE: `str` or `List[str]`, *optional* DEFAULT: ''
do_classifier_free_guidance	whether to use classifier free guidance or not TYPE: `bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True` DEFAULT: True
num_images_per_prompt	number of images that should be generated per prompt TYPE: `int`, *optional*, defaults to 1 DEFAULT: 1
prompt_embeds	Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, e.g. prompt weighting. If not provided, text embeddings will be generated from prompt input argument. TYPE: `ms.Tensor`, *optional* DEFAULT: None
negative_prompt_embeds	Pre-generated negative text embeddings. For PixArt-Alpha, it's should be the embeddings of the "" string. TYPE: `ms.Tensor`, *optional* DEFAULT: None
clean_caption	If True, the function will preprocess and clean the provided caption before encoding. TYPE: `bool`, defaults to `False` DEFAULT: False
max_sequence_length	Maximum sequence length to use for the prompt. TYPE: `int`, defaults to 120 DEFAULT: 120

Source code in mindone/diffusers/pipelines/pixart_alpha/pipeline_pixart_alpha.py

def encode_prompt(
    self,
    prompt: Union[str, List[str]],
    do_classifier_free_guidance: bool = True,
    negative_prompt: str = "",
    num_images_per_prompt: int = 1,
    prompt_embeds: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
    negative_prompt_embeds: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
    prompt_attention_mask: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
    negative_prompt_attention_mask: Optional[ms.Tensor] = None,
    clean_caption: bool = False,
    max_sequence_length: int = 120,
    **kwargs,
):
    r"""
    Encodes the prompt into text encoder hidden states.

    Args:
        prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, *optional*):
            prompt to be encoded
        negative_prompt (`str` or `List[str]`, *optional*):
            The prompt not to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass `negative_prompt_embeds`
            instead. Ignored when not using guidance (i.e., ignored if `guidance_scale` is less than `1`). For
            PixArt-Alpha, this should be "".
        do_classifier_free_guidance (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
            whether to use classifier free guidance or not
        num_images_per_prompt (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
            number of images that should be generated per prompt
        prompt_embeds (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*):
            Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, *e.g.* prompt weighting. If not
            provided, text embeddings will be generated from `prompt` input argument.
        negative_prompt_embeds (`ms.Tensor`, *optional*):
            Pre-generated negative text embeddings. For PixArt-Alpha, it's should be the embeddings of the ""
            string.
        clean_caption (`bool`, defaults to `False`):
            If `True`, the function will preprocess and clean the provided caption before encoding.
        max_sequence_length (`int`, defaults to 120): Maximum sequence length to use for the prompt.
    """

    if "mask_feature" in kwargs:
        deprecation_message = "The use of `mask_feature` is deprecated. It is no longer used in any computation \
            and that doesn't affect the end results. It will be removed in a future version."
        deprecate("mask_feature", "1.0.0", deprecation_message, standard_warn=False)

    if prompt is not None and isinstance(prompt, str):
        batch_size = 1
    elif prompt is not None and isinstance(prompt, list):
        batch_size = len(prompt)
    else:
        batch_size = prompt_embeds.shape[0]

    # See Section 3.1. of the paper.
    max_length = max_sequence_length

    if prompt_embeds is None:
        prompt = self._text_preprocessing(prompt, clean_caption=clean_caption)
        text_inputs = self.tokenizer(
            prompt,
            padding="max_length",
            max_length=max_length,
            truncation=True,
            add_special_tokens=True,
            return_tensors="np",
        )
        text_input_ids = text_inputs.input_ids
        untruncated_ids = self.tokenizer(prompt, padding="longest", return_tensors="np").input_ids

        if untruncated_ids.shape[-1] >= text_input_ids.shape[-1] and not np.array_equal(
            text_input_ids, untruncated_ids
        ):
            removed_text = self.tokenizer.batch_decode(untruncated_ids[:, max_length - 1 : -1])
            logger.warning(
                "The following part of your input was truncated because T5 can only handle sequences up to"
                f" {max_length} tokens: {removed_text}"
            )

        prompt_attention_mask = ms.Tensor.from_numpy(text_inputs.attention_mask)

        prompt_embeds = self.text_encoder(ms.tensor(text_input_ids), attention_mask=prompt_attention_mask)
        prompt_embeds = prompt_embeds[0]

    if self.text_encoder is not None:
        dtype = self.text_encoder.dtype
    elif self.transformer is not None:
        dtype = self.transformer.dtype
    else:
        dtype = None

    prompt_embeds = prompt_embeds.to(dtype=dtype)

    bs_embed, seq_len, _ = prompt_embeds.shape
    # duplicate text embeddings and attention mask for each generation per prompt, using mps friendly method
    prompt_embeds = prompt_embeds.tile((1, num_images_per_prompt, 1))
    prompt_embeds = prompt_embeds.view(bs_embed * num_images_per_prompt, seq_len, -1)
    prompt_attention_mask = prompt_attention_mask.view(bs_embed, -1)
    prompt_attention_mask = prompt_attention_mask.tile((num_images_per_prompt, 1))

    # get unconditional embeddings for classifier free guidance
    if do_classifier_free_guidance and negative_prompt_embeds is None:
        uncond_tokens = [negative_prompt] * batch_size if isinstance(negative_prompt, str) else negative_prompt
        uncond_tokens = self._text_preprocessing(uncond_tokens, clean_caption=clean_caption)
        max_length = prompt_embeds.shape[1]
        uncond_input = self.tokenizer(
            uncond_tokens,
            padding="max_length",
            max_length=max_length,
            truncation=True,
            return_attention_mask=True,
            add_special_tokens=True,
            return_tensors="np",
        )
        negative_prompt_attention_mask = ms.Tensor(uncond_input.attention_mask)

        negative_prompt_embeds = self.text_encoder(
            ms.Tensor(uncond_input.input_ids), attention_mask=negative_prompt_attention_mask
        )
        negative_prompt_embeds = negative_prompt_embeds[0]

    if do_classifier_free_guidance:
        # duplicate unconditional embeddings for each generation per prompt, using mps friendly method
        seq_len = negative_prompt_embeds.shape[1]

        negative_prompt_embeds = negative_prompt_embeds.to(dtype=dtype)

        negative_prompt_embeds = negative_prompt_embeds.tile((1, num_images_per_prompt, 1))
        negative_prompt_embeds = negative_prompt_embeds.view(batch_size * num_images_per_prompt, seq_len, -1)

        negative_prompt_attention_mask = negative_prompt_attention_mask.view(bs_embed, -1)
        negative_prompt_attention_mask = negative_prompt_attention_mask.tile((num_images_per_prompt, 1))
    else:
        negative_prompt_embeds = None
        negative_prompt_attention_mask = None

    return prompt_embeds, prompt_attention_mask, negative_prompt_embeds, negative_prompt_attention_mask